Manual Scan was formed in the early 1980s in San Diego, CA. The first lineup consisted of Bart Mendoza on vocals and guitar, Kevin Ring (later Kevin Donaker-Ring) on guitar and vocals, David Fleminger on bass, and Paul Kaufman on drums. Throughout several lineups, the core of Mendoza and Ring remained, and Manual Scan was one of the premiere Mod bands of the US in the 1980s. Releasing a string of singles beginning in 1981 and an album issued in both the U.S.

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